Aesthetic Clinic Singapore defines a wide array of symptoms for acne. The different symptoms account for different types of acne. The cardinal features of acne are presented by excess secretion of sebum. The oily secretions promote the growth of blackheads, whiteheads, nodules, papules, pustules, and scarring. Scars and pigmentation are a common sign of acne.

Appearance of scar

Acne scars are a common occurrence in severe acne. They are present in 95% of people with acne. It results from inflammation in the dermis. Acne scars are further classified as atrophic scars, hypertrophic scars, and keloid scars.

The most common type of acne scars is atrophic acne scars that have lost collagen. Atrophic scars are further subdivided into subtypes. These include box scars, ice-pick scars, and rolling scars.

The uncommon type of scar is a hypertrophic scar. These scars have an increased collagen content. They are firm to touch and appeared raised from the skin. They remain within the margins of the acne wound. Another type called keloid scars form tissue outside the margins as well. These scars are more common in men with dark skin tone.

Pigmentation

Skin tends to get dark after an acne lesion has resolved in an area. This condition is known as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. The darkened appearance of the skin is attributed to a pigment called melanin. Melanin production is enhanced by inflammation. Inflammation induces pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) to produce melanin. This condition is more frequent in dark skin tones.